百木园有没有小火伴是特别喜欢玩五子棋的，我记得我初中是特别喜欢的。于是，我今天就用Python给大家写了一个黑白棋游戏。代码放在下面了。
01、绘制棋盘
Python学习交流Q群：906715085### import pygame, sys, random from pygame.locals import * BACKGROUNDCOLOR = (255, 255, 255) FPS = 40 # 初始化 pygame.init() mainClock = pygame.time.Clock() # 加载图片 boardImage = pygame.image.load(\'board.png\') boardRect = boardImage.get_rect() blackImage = pygame.image.load(\'black.png\') blackRect = blackImage.get_rect() whiteImage = pygame.image.load(\'white.png\') whiteRect = whiteImage.get_rect() # 设置窗口 windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((boardRect.width, boardRect.height)) pygame.display.set_caption(\'黑白棋\') # 游戏主循环 while True: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == QUIT: terminate() #鼠标事件完成玩家走棋（见下文）….. #电脑走棋（见下文）….. windowSurface.fill(BACKGROUNDCOLOR) windowSurface.blit(boardImage, boardRect, boardRect) #重画所有的棋子（见下文）….. #游戏结束，显示双方棋子数量（见下文）…… pygame.display.update() mainClock.tick(FPS)
02、绘制棋子
（1）黑白棋的规则，开局时先放置上黑白各两个棋子在中间。
（2）用一个8x8列表保存棋子。
CELLWIDTH = 80 CELLHEIGHT = 80 PIECEWIDTH = 78 PIECEHEIGHT = 78 BOARDX = 40 BOARDY = 40 # 重置棋盘 def resetBoard(board): for x in range(8): for y in range(8): board[x][y] = \'none\' # Starting pieces: board[3][3] = \'black\' board[3][4] = \'white\' board[4][3] = \'white\' board[4][4] = \'black\' # 开局时建立新棋盘 def getNewBoard(): board = [] for i in range(8): board.append([\'none\'] * 8) return board mainBoard = getNewBoard() resetBoard(mainBoard) for x in range(8): for y in range(8): rectDst = pygame.Rect(BOARDX+x*CELLWIDTH+2, BOARDY+y*CELLHEIGHT+2, PIECEWIDTH, PIECEHEIGHT) if mainBoard[x][y] == \'black\': windowSurface.blit(blackImage, rectDst, blackRect) #画黑棋 elif mainBoard[x][y] == \'white\': windowSurface.blit(whiteImage, rectDst, whiteRect) #画白棋
03、随机决定谁先走棋
# 谁先走 def whoGoesFirst(): if random.randint(0, 1) == 0: return \'computer\' else: return \'player\' turn = whoGoesFirst() if turn == \'player\': playerTile = \'black\' computerTile = \'white\' else: playerTile = \'white\' computerTile = \'black\'
04、鼠标事件
（1）鼠标操纵，完成玩家走棋
（2）轮流走棋
for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == QUIT: terminate() #玩家走棋 if turn == \'player\' and event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and event.button == 1: x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos() col = int((x-BOARDX)/CELLWIDTH) row = int((y-BOARDY)/CELLHEIGHT) if makeMove(mainBoard, playerTile, col, row) == True: if getValidMoves(mainBoard, computerTile) != []: turn = \'computer\' #轮到电脑走棋 #电脑走棋 if (gameOver == False and turn == \'computer\'): x, y = getComputerMove(mainBoard, computerTile) makeMove(mainBoard, computerTile, x, y) savex, savey = x, y # 玩家没有可行的走法了，则电脑继续，否则切换到玩家走 if getValidMoves(mainBoard, playerTile) != []: turn = \'player\' #轮到玩家走棋 windowSurface.fill(BACKGROUNDCOLOR) windowSurface.blit(boardImage, boardRect, boardRect)
05、游戏规则实现
（1）是否允许落子
（2）落子后的翻转
# 是否是合法走法，如果合法返回需要翻转的棋子列表 def isValidMove(board, tile, xstart, ystart): # 如果该位置已经有棋子或者出界了，返回False if not isOnBoard(xstart, ystart) or board[xstart][ystart] != \'none\': return False # 临时将tile 放到指定的位置 board[xstart][ystart] = tile if tile == \'black\': otherTile = \'white\' else: otherTile = \'black\' # 要被翻转的棋子 tilesToFlip = [] for xdirection, ydirection in [ [0, 1], [1, 1], [1, 0], [1, -1], [0, -1], [-1, -1], [-1, 0], [-1, 1] ]: x, y = xstart, ystart x += xdirection y += ydirection if isOnBoard(x, y) and board[x][y] == otherTile: x += xdirection y += ydirection if not isOnBoard(x, y): continue # 一直走到出界或不是对方棋子的位置 while board[x][y] == otherTile: x += xdirection y += ydirection if not isOnBoard(x, y): break # 出界了，则没有棋子要翻转OXXXXX if not isOnBoard(x, y): continue # 是自己的棋子OXXXXXXO if board[x][y] == tile: while True: x -= xdirection y -= ydirection # 回到了起点则结束 if x == xstart and y == ystart: break # 需要翻转的棋子 tilesToFlip.append([x, y]) # 将前面临时放上的棋子去掉，即还原棋盘 board[xstart][ystart] = \'none\' # restore the empty space # 没有要被翻转的棋子，则走法非法。翻转棋的规则。 if len(tilesToFlip) == 0: # If no tiles were flipped, this is not a valid move. return False return tilesToFlip # 是否出界 def isOnBoard(x, y): return x >= 0 and x <= 7 and y >= 0 and y <=7 # 获取可落子的位置 def getValidMoves(board, tile): validMoves = [] for x in range(8): for y in range(8): if isValidMove(board, tile, x, y) != False: validMoves.append([x, y]) return validMoves # 将一个tile棋子放到(xstart, ystart) def makeMove(board, tile, xstart, ystart): tilesToFlip = isValidMove(board, tile, xstart, ystart) if tilesToFlip == False: return False board[xstart][ystart] = tile for x, y in tilesToFlip: #tilesToFlip是需要翻转的棋子列表 board[x][y] = tile #翻转棋子
06、电脑AI走法
如果电脑在所有落子的选择中，有四个边角，可落子在边角，因为边角的棋子无法被翻转。如果没有边角，则选择可以翻转对手最多的位置落子。
def getComputerMove(board, computerTile): # 获取所以合法走法 possibleMoves = getValidMoves(board, computerTile) # 打乱所有合法走法 random.shuffle(possibleMoves) # [x, y]在角上，则优先走，因为角上的不会被再次翻转 for x, y in possibleMoves: if isOnCorner(x, y): return [x, y] bestScore = -1 for x, y in possibleMoves: dupeBoard = getBoardCopy(board) makeMove(dupeBoard, computerTile, x, y) # 按照分数选择走法，优先选择翻转后分数最多的走法 score = getScoreOfBoard(dupeBoard)[computerTile] if score > bestScore: bestMove = [x, y] bestScore = score return bestMove # 是否游戏结束 def isGameOver(board): for x in range(8): for y in range(8): if board[x][y] == \'none\': return False return True # 获取棋盘上黑白双方的棋子数 def getScoreOfBoard(board): xscore = 0 oscore = 0 for x in range(8): for y in range(8): if board[x][y] == \'black\': xscore += 1 if board[x][y] == \'white\': oscore += 1 return {\'black\':xscore, \'white\':oscore} 主程序中加入游戏结束，显示双方棋子数量功能。 if isGameOver(mainBoard): #游戏结束，显示双方棋子数量 scorePlayer = getScoreOfBoard(mainBoard)[playerTile] scoreComputer = getScoreOfBoard(mainBoard)[computerTile] outputStr = gameoverStr + str(scorePlayer) + \":\" + str(scoreComputer) text = basicFont.render(outputStr, True, BLACK, BLUE) textRect = text.get_rect() textRect.centerx = windowSurface.get_rect().centerx textRect.centery = windowSurface.get_rect().centery windowSurface.blit(text, textRect)
至此完成基于Pygame的黑白棋游戏设计。游戏效果如图所示。今天的分享就到这里了，下一章见。
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/123456feng/p/16088924.html
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