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Mybatis快速上手

Mybatis快速入门

Mybatis开发步骤

  1. 添加依赖坐标
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.1</version>
        </dependency>
  1. 编写POJO映射文件,如UserMapper.xml 可放在resource资源目录下,注意.和/的区别
<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC \"-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN\"
        \"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd\">
<mapper namespace=\"userMapper\">
    <select id=\"findAll\" resultType=\"com.rsk.entity.User\">
        select * from user
    </select>
</mapper>
  1. 编写mybatis配置文件,mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC \"-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN\"
        \"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd\">
<configuration>
    <!--数据源环境-->
    <environments default=\"development\">
        <environment id=\"development\">
            <transactionManager type=\"JDBC\"></transactionManager>
            <dataSource type=\"POOLED\">
                <property name=\"driver\" value=\"com.mysql.jdbc.Driver\"/>
                <property name=\"url\" value=\"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test_db?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8\"/>
                <property name=\"username\" value=\"root\"/>
                <property name=\"password\" value=\"\"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <!--加载映射文件-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource=\"com/rsk/mapper/UserMapper.xml\"></mapper>
    </mappers>
</configuration>
  1. 编写测试类
public class Test1 {
    @Test
    public void test1() throws IOException {
        //获得核心配置文件
        InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(\"mybatis-config.xml\");
        //获得sqlSession工厂
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
        //获得session会话对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        //执行操作
        List<User> users = sqlSession.selectList(\"userMapper.findAll\");
        System.out.println(users);
        //释放资源
        sqlSession.close();

    }
}

Mybatis传统增删改查方式

mapper.xml

<mapper namespace=\"userMapper\">
    <!--查询操作-->
    <select id=\"findAll\" resultType=\"com.rsk.entity.User\">
        select * from user
    </select>
    <!--插入操作-->
    <insert id=\"addUser\" parameterType=\"com.rsk.entity.User\">
        insert into user values(#{id},#{name},#{pwd})
    </insert>
    <!--更新操作-->
    <update id=\"update\" parameterType=\"com.rsk.entity.User\">
        update user set name=#{name},pwd=#{pwd} where id=#{id}
    </update>
    <!--删除操作-->
    <delete id=\"delete\" parameterType=\"java.lang.Integer\">
        delete from user where id=#{id}
    </delete>
</mapper>

Test.java

 //获得核心配置文件
        InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(\"mybatis-config.xml\");
        //获得sqlSession工厂
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
        //获得session会话对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        //查询操作
        //List<User> users = sqlSession.selectList(\"userMapper.findAll\");
        //插入操作
        //int insert = sqlSession.insert(\"userMapper.addUser\", user);
        //更新操作
        //sqlSession.update(\"userMapper.update\", user);
        //删除操作
        sqlSession.delete(\"userMapper.delete\", 26);
        sqlSession.commit();
        //释放资源
        sqlSession.close();

Mybatis核心标签

  1. properties:加载外部的properties文件
 <!--通过标签加载外部properties文件-->
 <properties resource=\"jdbc.properties\"></properties>
  1. typeAliases:设置类型别名,该标签必须在environments标签上面
    <!--别名设置-->
    <typeAliases>
        <typeAlias type=\"com.rsk.entity.User\" alias=\"user\"></typeAlias>
    </typeAliases>
  1. mappers:加载映射配置
    <!--加载映射文件-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource=\"com/rsk/mapper/UserMapper.xml\"></mapper>
    </mappers>
  1. enviroments:数据库环境配置标签
  <!--数据源环境-->
    <environments default=\"development\">
        <environment id=\"development\">
            <!--指定事务管理类型,为JDBC(依赖数据源获得连接来管理事务)或者MANAGED(让容器管理事务,默认情况下会关闭连接)-->
            <transactionManager type=\"JDBC\"></transactionManager>
            <!--指定数据源类型,UNPOOLED(数据源每次被请求时候打开或者关闭连接,POOLED(利用连接池将JDBC对象组织起来),JNDI(用于EJB或者应用服务器容器使用))-->
            <dataSource type=\"POOLED\">
                <property name=\"driver\" value=\"${jdbc.driver}\"/>
                <property name=\"url\" value=\"${jdbc.url}?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8\"/>
                <property name=\"username\" value=\"${jdbc.username}\"/>
                <property name=\"password\" value=\"\"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

Mybatis代理实现DAO层

采用Mybatis的代理开发实现DAO层,我们只需要编写Mapper接口(相当于DAO接口),然后由Mybatis框架根据接口定义创建接口的动态代理对象,该动态代理对象的方法体相当于是DAO层的实现类方法。遵循以下规范:

  • Mapper.xml中的namespace与mapper接口的全限定名称相同
  • Mapper.xml中的每个statement的id和Mapper接口方法名相同
  • Mapper.xml中的每个sql的parameterType与和Mapper接口方法的输入参数类型相同
  • Mapper.xml中的每个sql的resultType与和Mapper接口方法的返回参数类型相同
  1. 编写DAO接口UserMapper.class
public interface UserMapper {
    public List<User> findAll() throws IOException;
    public User findById(int id);
}
  1. 编写映射文件UserMapper.xml,namespace需要指定到DAO接口的位置
<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC \"-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN\"
        \"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd\">
<mapper namespace=\"com.rsk.dao.UserMapper\">
    <!--查询操作-->
    <select id=\"findAll\" resultType=\"user\">
        select * from user
    </select>
    <select id=\"findById\" parameterType=\"int\" resultType=\"user\">
        select * from user where id=#{id}
    </select>
    <!--插入操作-->
    <insert id=\"addUser\" parameterType=\"com.rsk.entity.User\">
        insert into user values(#{id},#{name},#{pwd})
    </insert>
    <!--更新操作-->
    <update id=\"update\" parameterType=\"com.rsk.entity.User\">
        update user set name=#{name},pwd=#{pwd} where id=#{id}
    </update>
    <!--删除操作-->
    <delete id=\"delete\" parameterType=\"java.lang.Integer\">
        delete from user where id=#{id}
    </delete>
</mapper>
  1. Service调用sqlSession的getMapper方法
public class ServiceDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(\"mybatis-config.xml\");
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();

        UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> all = userMapper.findAll();
        User user = userMapper.findById(1);
        System.out.println(all);
        System.out.println(user.getName());

    }
}

动态sql

面对复杂的业务逻辑,SQL需要进行动态调整,如果对每个不同条件专门写一条sql则需要写多个接口中的方法,因此可以选择动态生成SQL语句,从而减少代码量

  1. <where><if></if></where>标签:条件判断后拼接
    <!--动态SQL查询-->
    <select id=\"findByCondition\" parameterType=\"user\" resultType=\"user\">
        select * from user
        <where>
            <if test=\"id!=0\">
                and id=#{id}
            </if>
            <if test=\"name!=null\">
                and name=#{name}
            </if>
            <if test=\"pwd!=null\">
                and pwd=#{pwd}
            </if>
        </where>
    </select>

对应的接口中的方法:

    //条件查询
    public List<User> findByCondition(User user);

测试环境中的代码:

    @Test
    public void test2(){
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        //条件对象
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(1);

        List<User> all = mapper.findByCondition(user);
        System.out.println(all);
    }
  1. <foreach>标签:循环拼接
    <!--动态SQL查询-->
    <select id=\"findByIds\" parameterType=\"list\" resultType=\"user\">
        select * from user
        <where>
            <foreach collection=\"list\" open=\"id in(\" close=\")\" item=\"id\" separator=\",\">
                #{id}
            </foreach>
        </where>
    </select>

对应接口中的方法:

    public List<User> findByIds(List<Integer> ids);

对应测试代码:

    @Test
    public void tests(){
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        //条件对象
        List<Integer> ids = new ArrayList<Integer>();
        ids.add(1);
        ids.add(2);
        List<User> all = mapper.findByIds(ids);
        System.out.println(all);
    }

sql语句抽取

将动态SQL共用的sql语句代码段进行提取,避免修改表名时修改全部的sql,达到sql片段重用的目的

    <!--sql语句片段抽取-->
    <sql id=\"selectUser\">select * from user</sql>

    /*sql语句片段引入*/
    <include refid=\"selectUser\"></include>

一对一查询

主要难点在于查询出来的数据包含两个实体类的属性,需要利用resultMap标签进行配置,course类实体需要拥有user成员对象

CourseMapper.xml

    <resultMap id=\"courseMap\" type=\"com.rsk.entity.Course\">
        <!--手动指定字段与实体属性间的映射关系-->
        <id column=\"cid\" property=\"id\"></id>
        <result column=\"cno\" property=\"cno\"></result>
        <result column=\"cname\" property=\"cname\"></result>
        <!--配置外键所在表的映射关系-->
        <association property=\"user\" javaType=\"com.rsk.entity.User\">
            <id column=\"uid\" property=\"id\"></id>
            <result column=\"name\" property=\"name\"/>
            <result column=\"pwd\" property=\"pwd\"/>
        </association>
    </resultMap>

    <select id=\"findAll\" resultMap=\"courseMap\">
        select *, c.id cid
        from course c, user u where c.uid=u.id
    </select>

test

    @Test
    public void test5(){
        CourseMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CourseMapper.class);
        List<Course> all = mapper.findAll();
        System.out.println(all);
    }

来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/rskblog/p/16259587.html
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