1.列表排序
def que6():
# 6.输入三个整数x, y, z,形成一个列表,请把这n个数由小到大输出。
# 程序分析:列表有sort方法,所以把他们组成列表即可。
li = np.random.randint(-100, 100, size=10)
# 就地转化
li = li.tolist()
# 用sort()结果
li_sort = sorted(li, reverse = False)
print(\'用sort方法,重新排列结果:{}\'.format(li_sort))
# 不用sort方法,自己写排序方法做,
# 冒泡排序
def bubbleSort(m):
m = m.copy()
for time in range(1, len(m)):
for index in range(len(m) - time):
if m[index] > m[index+1]:
m[index], m[index+1] = m[index+1] , m[index]
return m
# 选择排序
def selectSort(m):
m = m.copy()
for seat_L in range(len(m)-1):
for seat_R in range(seat_L+1, len(m)):
if m[seat_L] > m[seat_R]:
m[seat_L], m[seat_R] = m[seat_R], m[seat_L]
return m
# 插入排序1(内部写成函数):
def insertSort_1(m):
result = []
# 单个元素k插入列表li
def to_insert(li, k):
# 标识符
tab = False
# 寻找插入位置
# 循环次数应该至少大于列表长度+1,None也占一位(空列表),即认为扑克牌最末尾还有一张‘空牌’
for i in range(len(li) + 1):
# 修改标识符,标志‘遍历完后的下一个循环’,即在和‘空牌’比较
if i == (len(li)):
tab = True
# 如果在对li[-1]比较完成(包含)之前,且寻找到位置,即把扑克从左往右比较一遍
if not tab and k < li[i]:
li.insert(i, k)
break
# 如果遍历完成,多循环一次,即和‘空牌’不需要比较,直接把牌替换掉‘空牌’
if tab:
li.append(k)
return li
# 遍历列表
# result = result[:1]
for length in range(len(m)):
result = to_insert(result, m[length])
# print(result,m[length])
return result
# 插入排序2(直接嵌套循环):
def insertSort2(m):
m = m.copy()
result = m[:1]
for index_choose in range(1, len(m)):
# 手上已经有index_choose张牌,比较第index_choose+1张牌则append
# 逐个比对手上的牌,如果都对比了一遍,则加到最后
for index_insert in range(len(result) + 1):
print(result, index_insert,\'\\n\',m, index_choose,\'\\n\\n\')
if index_insert != index_choose and m[index_choose] < result[index_insert] :
result.insert(index_insert, m[index_choose])
break
if index_insert == index_choose:
result.append(m[index_choose])
# print(result, m[index_choose])
return result
# print(li)
print(\'插入排序:\',insertSort3(li))
print(\'选择排序:\',selectSort(li))
print(\'冒泡排序:\',bubbleSort(li))
que6()
2.调换字典键值
# 1. 调换元素.\\
def que1():
d={1:\"one\",2:\"two\"}
# 方法1 --- 动态赋值
def method1(d):
d = d.copy()
result = {}
for k,v in d.items():
result[v] = k
return result
# 方法2 --- 生成器
def method2(d):
d = d.copy()
result = {v:k for k,v in d.items()}
return result
# 方法3 --- 由值寻找键
def method3(d):
d = d.copy()
# 由键寻找值
def match(dic, b):
return [k for k,v in dic.items() if v == b]
# 先生成key-None,再赋值
result = {}
result = result.fromkeys(d.values())
for k in result.keys():
result[k] = match(d, k)[0]
return result
# 方法4 --- 列表转字典 < 直接转换/动态赋值 >
def method4(d):
d = d.copy()
key = d.keys()
val = d.values()
data = list(zip(key, val))
# 方法4-1
result1 = {}
for i in range(len(data)):
result1[data[i][1]] = data[i][0]
# 方法4-2
result2 = dict(zip(val, key))
return result1, result2
print(\'新列表动态赋值方法:{}\'.format(method1(d)))
print(\'生成器方法:{}\'.format(method2(d)))
print(\'由键寻值方法:{}\'.format(method3(d)))
print(\'动态赋值列表转字典方法:{}\'.format(method4(d)[0]))
print(\'直接列表转字典方法:{}\'.format(method4(d)[1]))
# que1()
3.删除列表中的重复元素
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# 3. 删除重复元素list =[1,2,5,4,1,5,6,8,0,2,5]
a = np.random.randint(-100, 100, size=10)
a = a.tolist()
def method1(a):
a = a.copy()
a = set(a)
return a
def method2(a):
b = a.copy()
c = 0
for i in range(len(a)-1):
if b[i+c] in b[:i+c]+b[i+c+1:]:
b.pop(i+c)
c -= 1
return b
print(\'集合法:\',method1(a))
print(\'遍历法:\',method2(a))
4.输出质数
def prime(end):
prime_list = []
if end <= 1:
print(\'必须大于1\')
else:
# prime_list.append(2)
for i in range(2, end+1, 1):
count = 0
if i == 2:
if i%2 != 0:
prime_list.append(2)
else:
for m in range(2, i):
# 能够整除,则跳出循环
if (i % m) == 0:
# print(i, m)
break
# 否则计数+1
else:
count += 1
# 判断是否整除完成(0/n)
if count == i - 2:
prime_list.append(i)
print(count, i, m)
return (prime_list)
num = int(input(\'想输出2到多少?\'))
print(prime(num))
5.判断是一年中第几天
def que3():
# 3.输入某年某月某日,判断这一天是这一年的第几天?:
# 闰年判断函数
def judge_leap(num):
date = [31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]
# (四年一闰 and not百年) or 四百年闰
if (num % 4 == 0 and num % 100 != 0) or num % 400 ==0:
date[1] =29
return date
# 格式转换
date = (input(\'请输入一个日期,格式如:“2018.02.12”:\'))
date_list = (list(map(int, (date.split(\'.\')))))
# 遍历计算天数
day = date_list[2]
for i in range(date_list[1]):
day += judge_leap(date_list[0])[i]
print(\'{}月{}日是{}年的第{}天\\n\'.format(date_list[1], date_list[2], date_list[0], day))
# que3()
6.猜数字
# 重新猜数字
import random
def judge_num(num, num_random):
if num > num_random:
print(\'It\\\'s too big\')
return 1
elif num < num_random:
print(\'It\\\'s too small\')
return 1
else:
print(\"Congratulation!! That\\\' right!\")
return 0
# 产生随机数
num_start = int(input(\'Digital lower limit of guess number:\\n\'))
num_end = int(input(\'Digital upper limit of guess number:\\n\'))
num_random = random.randint(num_start, num_end)
# 参数初始化
result = 1 # 判断结果
i = 0 # 循环次数
frequency = 3 # 循环限制次数
# 提示总猜测次数、剩余次数
print(\'WARNING: You have【{}】 chances you guess \'.format(frequency), end = \'--&&>>--\')
print(\'【{}】 chances left now:\\n\'.format(frequency - i +1))
while result and i != frequency:
# 猜数字
num = int(input(\'Please guess a int_number:\\n\'))
result = judge_num(num, num_random)
i += 1
7.进制转换
# 任意进制转十进制
def other_to_decimal(hex, num):
# 整型转化为列表,
num_str = str(num)
# map()将List对象中的元素(list类型)转化为集合(set)类型
num_list = list(map(int, num_str))
# 列表反序
num_list = num_list[::-1]
print(list(map(int, num_str)))
# 获取数字位数
digit = len(num_list)
num_decimal = 0
# 累加
for i in range(digit):
numi = num_list[i]
# print(numi, hex**i)
num_decimal += numi*(hex**i) # 对每一位数的幂指数累加
return num_decimal
# 十进制转任意进制
def decimal_to_other(hex, num):
# 获取数字位数
digit = len(str(num))
num_hex = []
quotient = 1
# 相除,余数计入列表num_hex
while quotient:
# 取余和取商
quotient = num // hex
remainder = num % hex
# print(quotient, remainder)
# 余数计入列表
num_hex.append(remainder)
# 商做下一次循环
num = quotient
# 列表反序,通过切片和sort()函数可以实现
num_hex = num_hex[::-1]
# num_hex.sort(reverse=True)
# 如果超过十进制,用ASCII码转化为字母
for i in range(len(num_hex)):
if num_hex[i] > 9:
num_hex[i] = chr(int(num_hex[i])+87)
# print(num_hex)
# 列表转化为字符串
result = (\'\'.join(\'%s\' %m for m in num_hex))
return result
Type = bool(input(\"十进制转任意进制请输入1,任意进制转十进制请输入0\\n\"))
if Type:
hex = int(input(\"需要把十进制转换为多少进制?请输入正整数\\n\"))
num = int(input(\"需要转换的数字是:\"))
print(\"换算结果是:\", decimal_to_other(hex, num))
else:
hex = int(input(\"需要把多少进制转换为十进制?请输入正整数\\n年\"))
num = int(input(\"需要转换的数字是:\"))
print(\"换算结果是:\", other_to_decimal(hex, num))
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/python960410445/p/14964979.html
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