直方图(Histogram),又称质量分布图,是一种统计报告图,由一系列高度不等的条纹表示数据分布的情况。一般用横轴表示数据类型,纵轴表示分布情况。 直方图是数值数据分布的精确图形表示。为了构建直方图,第一步是将值的范围分段,即将整个值的范围分成一系列间隔,然后计算每个间隔中有多少值。这些值通常被指定为连续的,不重叠的变量间隔。间隔必须相邻,并且通常是(但不是必须的)相等的大小。
绘制直方图:
直方图的绘制方法,使用的是plt.hist方法来实现,这个方法的参数以及返回值如下:
参数:
返回值:
案例:
比如有一组电影票房时长,想要看下这组票房时长的数据,那么可以通过以下代码来实现:
durations = [131, 98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131, 102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130, 124, 101, 110, 116, 117, 110, 128, 128, 115, 99, 136, 126, 134, 95, 138, 117, 111,78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110, 117, 86, 95, 144, 105, 126, 130,126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123, 86, 101, 99, 136,123, 117, 119, 105, 137, 123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127,105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120, 114,105, 115, 132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134,156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119, 140, 83, 110, 102,123,107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133,112, 114, 122, 109, 106, 123, 116, 131, 127, 115, 118, 112, 135,115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144, 83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154,136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134, 106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141,120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127, 121, 114, 125, 126,114, 140, 103, 130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137, 92,121, 112, 146, 97, 137, 105, 98, 117, 112, 81, 97, 139, 113,134, 106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110,105, 129, 137, 112, 120, 113, 133, 112, 83, 94, 146, 133, 101,131, 116, 111, 84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111,111, 133, 150]
plt.figure(figsize=(15,5))
nums,bins,patches = plt.hist(durations,bins=20,edgecolor=\'k\')
plt.xticks(bins,bins)
for num,bin in zip(nums,bins):
plt.annotate(num,xy=(bin,num),xytext=(bin+1.5,num+0.5))
plt.show()
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/qshhl/p/14662188.html
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